Tai'an
Tai'an
泰安市 | |
|---|---|
 Mount Tai seen across Tai'an | |
 | |
 Location of Tai'an City jurisdiction in Shandong | |
  Tai'an Location on the North China Plain  Tai'an Tai'an (China) | |
| Coordinates (Tai'an municipal government): 36°12′07″N 117°05′13″E / 36.202°N 117.087°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Shandong |
| County-level divisions | 6 |
| Municipal seat | Taishan District |
| Government | |
| • CPC Secretary | Cui Honggang[1] |
| • Mayor | Li Xixin |
| Area | |
| 7,762 km2 (2,997 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 2,086.8 km2 (805.7 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 2,086.8 km2 (805.7 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 167 m (548 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 1,645 m (5,397 ft) |
| Population (2019 census)[2] | |
| 5,635,000 | |
| • Density | 730/km2 (1,900/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,735,425 |
| • Urban density | 830/km2 (2,200/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,735,425 |
| • Metro density | 830/km2 (2,200/sq mi) |
| GDP[3] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 365 billion US$ 55.2 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 64,714 US$ 9,779 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Area code | 538 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-SD-09 |
| License Plate Prefix | 鲁J |
| Website | www |
Tai'an (Chinese: 泰安; pinyin: Tài'ān) is a prefecture-level city in Western Shandong Province of the People's Republic of China. Centered on Mount Tai, the city borders the provincial capital of Jinan to the north, Zibo to the east, Linyi to the southeast, Liaocheng to the extreme west and Jining to the south. To the west, Tai'an is separated from the province of Henan by the Yellow River.
Its population was 5,494,207 as of the 2010 census, of whom 1,735,425 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of two urban districts (Taishan District and Daiyue District).
Administration
[edit]The prefecture-level city of Tai'an administers six county-level divisions, including two districts, two county-level cities and two counties.
- Taishan District (泰山区)
- Daiyue District (岱岳区)
- Xintai City (新泰市)
- Feicheng City (肥城市)
- Ningyang County (宁阳县)
- Dongping County (东平县)
| Map |
|---|
History
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Tai'an is named after Mount Tai. In Chinese, Tai (泰) means "significant". Thus, the name Tai'an is derived from the ancient saying: "If Mount Tai is safe, then the four seas (the world) are safe (安; ān)."
Early history
[edit]Tai'an was home to the Dawenkou culture during the Neolithic era. During the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the region belonged to the states of Qi and Lu. The site of major historical and cultural significance in the area is Mount Tai. It attracted multiple emperors throughout the dynasties to visit, offer sacrifice to the heaven gods and pray for harvest. Confucius, Sima Qian, Cao Zhi, Li Bai, Du Fu and other litterateurs visited here and many great works were produced.
Modern history
[edit]In 1909, German colonials built Tai'an-Fu Railway Station along with the construction of Tianjin–Pukou railway (Tientsin–Pukow railway). On 10 November of the following year, the first train service passed through the station.[4]
On 1 May 1928, Chiang Kai-shek, the leader of KMT and nationalist revolutionary army, commanded the attack of Tai'an and occupied it the next day.[5]
In October 1937, exiled students from Peking, Tianjin and other major cities arrived in Tai'an seeking asylum after the north of Yellow river was occupied by the Japanese forces. On 24 December 1937, Japanese troops crossed the Yellow River, occupied Jinan on the next day, and bombed Tai'an. On the night of 31 December, the Japanese occupied Tai'an.[6] Local resistants were assembled autonomously to fight against the occupation.[7]
Culture
[edit]Tai'an holds significant historical and cultural importance due to its association with Mount Tai, which is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Worship at Mount Tai began in prehistoric times where the religious Confucianism ritual Feng Shan would be performed by the kings of Zhou and later emperors of China. While the last traditional Feng Shan was performed in 1790, Tai'an holds an annual large-scale live performance called "Chinese Taishan·Fengshan Grand Ceremony".[8][9]
Tai'an is a tourist city, and the Tai'an government has also been trying to promote the development of tourism in Tai'an.[10]
Geography and climate
[edit]Tai'an is centered on the south side of Mount Tai. Dongping Lake is the biggest lake.
Tai'an lies in the northern temperate zone and has a continental, semi-humid monsoon climate. The average annual temperatures are −2.1 °C (28.2 °F) (January), 12.8 °C (55.0 °F) (annual average), and 26.0 °C (78.8 °F) (July). The average annual precipitation is 681 mm (26.8 in).
| Climate data for Tai'an, elevation 129 m (423 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.8 (60.4) |
21.8 (71.2) |
26.1 (79.0) |
33.8 (92.8) |
38.6 (101.5) |
40.7 (105.3) |
39.6 (103.3) |
40.0 (104.0) |
34.6 (94.3) |
31.6 (88.9) |
27.1 (80.8) |
17.4 (63.3) |
40.7 (105.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.6 (40.3) |
8.2 (46.8) |
14.4 (57.9) |
21.1 (70.0) |
26.6 (79.9) |
31.0 (87.8) |
31.4 (88.5) |
30.3 (86.5) |
26.9 (80.4) |
21.0 (69.8) |
13.0 (55.4) |
6.1 (43.0) |
19.6 (67.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) |
2.1 (35.8) |
8.2 (46.8) |
14.9 (58.8) |
20.5 (68.9) |
25.1 (77.2) |
26.7 (80.1) |
25.5 (77.9) |
20.9 (69.6) |
14.4 (57.9) |
6.9 (44.4) |
0.5 (32.9) |
13.7 (56.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.9 (21.4) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
2.6 (36.7) |
8.9 (48.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
19.5 (67.1) |
22.7 (72.9) |
21.6 (70.9) |
15.9 (60.6) |
9.1 (48.4) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
8.7 (47.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −22.4 (−8.3) |
−19.3 (−2.7) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
0.7 (33.3) |
8.2 (46.8) |
13.1 (55.6) |
10.4 (50.7) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−20.3 (−4.5) |
−22.4 (−8.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 5.2 (0.20) |
11.9 (0.47) |
13.8 (0.54) |
33.4 (1.31) |
55.8 (2.20) |
85.2 (3.35) |
201.3 (7.93) |
160.3 (6.31) |
64.2 (2.53) |
27.7 (1.09) |
25.3 (1.00) |
7.6 (0.30) |
691.7 (27.23) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.1 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 5.1 | 6.9 | 8.5 | 12.4 | 11.6 | 7.3 | 5.5 | 4.4 | 3.1 | 73.5 |
| Average snowy days | 2.8 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 10.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 58 | 55 | 51 | 56 | 61 | 62 | 78 | 80 | 74 | 69 | 66 | 62 | 64 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 163.6 | 166.4 | 213.5 | 235.3 | 261.5 | 228.5 | 190.8 | 200.2 | 194.6 | 198.7 | 170.6 | 162.1 | 2,385.8 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 53 | 54 | 57 | 60 | 60 | 52 | 43 | 48 | 53 | 58 | 56 | 54 | 54 |
| Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[11][12] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[13] | |||||||||||||
Education
[edit]- Shandong University of Science and Technology
- Shandong First Medical University
- Shandong Agricultural University
- Taishan University
- Tai'an Public Health School
- Tai'an Polytechnic College
- Shandong Foreign Trade Vocational College Taian Campus
Secondary schools
- Tai’an the first high school (泰安一中)
Transportation
[edit]Tai'an is served by Tai'an railway station on the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway and Taishan railway station on the Beijing–Shanghai railway.
Tai'an is served by the G2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway and on the Tai-Lai Expressway (west-east from Tai'an to Laiwu). There is a four-lane highway from Tai'an to the Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport. Within Tai'an there are large tree lined avenues throughout the city.
The nearest major airport is Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport, about 120 km (75 mi) to the north.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ 全市领导干部会议召开 崔洪刚任中共泰安市委书记 (in Chinese). dzwww.com. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
- ^ a b 最新人口信息 www.hongheiku.com (in Chinese). hongheiku. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
- ^ "Shandong Statistical Yearbook-2016". www.stats-sd.gov.cn.
- ^ Daily Consular and Trade Reports, Issues 152-228, Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Manufactures, 1913
- ^ Abbao [permanent dead link]
- ^ "第二节 徂徕山起义，四支队的建立与发展 - 泰安县地方史（1925—1949） - 泰山区地情库 - 泰安 - Shandong Chorography Archive".
- ^ "第一节 山东沦陷后泰安的抗战形势 - 泰安县地方史（1925—1949） - 泰山区地情库 - 泰安 - Shandong Chorography Archive".
- ^ Liu, Yi; Geng, Xin; Guan, Rui (1 October 2023). "Development of Experiential Live-action Performance Products in Tai'an City: A Case Study of"Chinese Taishan·Fengshan Grand Ceremony". | Journal of Landscape Research | EBSCOhost". openurl.ebsco.com. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
- ^ 《泰山文化纪年 Archived 2021-01-08 at the Wayback Machine》：1、乾隆十三年（1748年）二月二十八日，清高宗奉皇太后（孝圣宪皇后钮祜禄氏，高宗之母）东巡，驻跸泰安府。次日，祭岱岳庙，侍太后登岱顶，祀碧霞元君。2、乾隆十六年（1751年）四月十六日，清高宗与皇太后南巡回銮，幸泰安，祀岱岳庙。3、乾隆二十二年（1757年）四月十一日，清高宗南巡回銮，抵泰安，谒岱岳庙，登岱顶，礼碧霞祠。4、乾隆二十七年（1762年）四月十九日，清高宗南巡回銮，途经泰安，谒岱岳庙，次日登山祀碧霞祠。5、乾隆三十年（1765年）四月，清高宗奉皇太后南巡，回銮谒岱岳庙， 驻跸灵岩寺。6、乾隆三十六年（1771年）二月，清高宗为恭贺皇太后八十寿辰，奉太后东巡，二十四日至泰安府， 驻跸白鹤泉 （此地是年建成行宫）。次日高宗躬谒岱庙。7、乾隆四十一年（1776年）三月，为庆祝大小金川叛乱平定，清高宗“恭奉皇太后巡幸山左，登岱延禧”。三月十四日至泰安府，谒岱庙，驻跸白鹤泉行宫。十五日登岱顶，祀碧霞祠。8、乾隆四十五年（1780年）正月，清高宗南巡，过泰安府。二十六日，驻跸白鹤泉行宫，次日谒遥参亭、岱庙。9、乾隆四十九年（1784年）二月初六，清高宗与皇子顒琰（即后之清仁宗嘉庆皇帝）南巡江河至泰安，躬谒遥参亭，“诣岱庙行礼”。10、乾隆五十五年（1790年）二月，清高宗东巡。三月初四日至泰安府，谒岱庙，驻跸白鹤泉行宫。次日以八旬之龄与皇子顒琰登岱顶，祀碧霞祠。初七日躬诣岱庙。
- ^ Weidong,
Shi; Xia, Liu; Ruyue
, Wang (20 November 2023). "Research on tourism industry development strategy of Tai'an City in post-epidemic era". Academic Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences. 6 (22). doi:10.25236/AJHSS.2023.062219. - ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
- ^ 泰安 - 气象数据 -中国天气网. Weather China (in Chinese (China)). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
External links
[edit]
Tai'an travel guide from Wikivoyage- Government website of Tai'an (in Simplified Chinese)
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